A Recommended Program Of Principal-Teacher Supervision For Center Point School, Pittsburg, Texas

Background and development of Modern Supervision Not with standing the fact we have a different type of supervision today than was practiced when public schools in America were first established, supervision has existed ever since the formation of the first public school system. When the General Court of Boston, directed by the selectmen, was instructed to secure teachers with certain religious training, a type of supervision was being carried on. That custom was followed for nearly fifty years, at which time the teachers came under more formal supervision. The schools, using Boston as an illustration, were supervised by a committee, who was appointed to visit the school, Inspect the plant and equipment and examine the achievement of the pupils, These supervisors did not criticize the teachers, neither did they advise them. It Is noticeable that by 1714 supervision in the United States had passed through three phases. During the first phase, the supervisors selected the teachers. During the second phase, the supervisors selected the teachers and inspected the plant and the equipment. During the third phase, they had the added responsibility of criticizing and advising the teachers. By 1721 supervision was done by the selectmen and any others that they decided to invite

Predicting the dissolution kinetics of silicate glasses using machine learning

Predicting the dissolution rates of silicate glasses in aqueous conditions is a complex task as the underlying mechanism(s) remain poorly understood and the dissolution kinetics can depend on a large number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Here, we assess the potential of data-driven models based on machine learning to predict the dissolution rates of various aluminosilicate glasses exposed to a wide range of solution pH values, from acidic to caustic conditions. Four classes of machine learning methods are investigated, namely, linear regression, support vector machine regression, random forest, and artificial neural network. We observe that, although linear methods all fail to describe the dissolution kinetics, the artificial neural network approach offers excellent predictions, thanks to its inherent ability to handle non-linear data. Overall, we suggest that a more extensive use of machine learning approaches could significantly accelerate the design of novel glasses with tailored properties

Contemporary Flood Risk Perceptions in England: Implications for Flood Risk Management Foresight

Although England has been experiencing major floods dating back thousands of years, the hazard is increasing in frequency and intensity, exacerbated by climate risks with potentially serious consequences. Despite attempts to mitigate climate risks (manifested via recurrent flooding) in line with international disaster risk reduction agendas, the impacts/effects of floods continue to increase in England. This is partly due to negligence in inculcating contemporary flood risk perceptions (FRP) into climate risk management (CRM) strategies. This research aims to investigate contemporary FRM in England through a qualitative case study approach in Wainfleet All Saints in Lincolnshire County that experienced unprecedented floods in June 2019. Empirical investigation was conducted with the flood-affected community members and flood managers with oversight of CRM in the region. Key findings reveal the June 2019 floods had both tangible and intangible impacts for the affected community with dreadful effects. Challenges to CRM revealed issues around limited funding; climate changes’ potential to increase flood risk and low community perception of their own risks reflected in poor/none-preparedness for contemporary floods. The multi-agency response to the June 2019 floods was found to be positive, albeit with a few concerns. Based on the analysis of the findings, a series of policy recommendations are proffered with the aim to spur organisational/institutional resilience to CRM. This article underscores the relevance to continuously include contemporary FRP into CRM strategies specially to enhance community participation and involvement in mitigating their own risks

An Enhancement to the Theory and Measurement of Purpose

Development of purpose is an important goal of post-secondary education. This study advances the measurement of purpose by (a) enriching the construct through incorporating the facet of horizon; (b) providing a framework for Rasch/Guttman Scenario score interpretation; and (c) providing evidence of convergent, divergent, and known groups validity

Self-organization on surfaces: foreword

After decades of work, the growth of continuous thin films, i.e., two-dimensional structures, is progressively becoming a technological issue more than a field of fundamental research. Incidentally self-organization of nanostructures on surfaces is now an important field of research, i.e., structures of dimensionality one or zero, with a steep rise of attention in the past five years. Whereas self-organization was initially motivated by potential applications, it has up to now essentially contributed to the advancement of fundamental science in low dimensions, as model systems could be produced that could not have been fabricated by lithography. This Special Issue aims at giving a cross-community timely overview of the field. The Issue gathers a broad panel of articles covering various self-organization mechanisms, specific structural characterization, physical properties, and current trends in extending the versatility of growth. The materials mostly covered here are semiconductors and magnetic materials.Comment: Foreword of the Editor to Special Issue on Self-organization on surface

Border crossings in the African travel narratives of Ibn Battuta, Richard Burton and Paul Theroux

This article compares the representation of African borders in the 14th-century travelogue of Ibn Battuta, the 19th-century travel narrative of Richard Burton and the 21st-century travel writing of Paul Theroux. It examines the mutually constitutive relationship between conceptions of literal territorial boundaries and the figurative boundaries of the subject that ventures across borders in Africa. The border is seen as a liminal zone which paradoxically separates and joins spaces. Accounts of border crossings in travel writing from different periods suggest the historicity and cultural specificity of conceptions of geographical borders, and the way they index the “boundaries” of the subjects who cross them. Tracing the transformations in these conceptions of literal and metaphorical borders allows one to chart the emergence of the dominant contemporary idea of “Africa” as the inscrutable, savage continent